operators in java

  • An operator is basically a symbol or token,which performs arithmethical or logical operations and gives meaningful result.
  • There are following type of operator in java-
    1. Arithmetical Operator
    2. Relational Operator
    3. Logical Operator
    4. Bitwise Operator
    5. Assignment Operator
    6. Conditional Operator

Arithmetic Operator

  • The operator,which are applied to perform arithmetical calculation in a program,are known as Arithmetical Operations.
  • Arithmmetic operator are of 3 type-
    1. Unary Operator
    2. Binary Operator
    3. Ternary Operator
  • Unary Operator-An arithmetical operator ,which is applied with a single operand is known as Unary Operator.Example-+,-,++,--
  • Binary Operator-An arithmetical operator,which deals with two operands, is known as Binary Operator.Example-+,-,*,/ and % etc
Operators Description
Addition(+) Add value on either side of operator
Subtraction(-) Subtracts right-hand operand from left-hand operand.
Multiplication(*) Multiplies values on either side of the operator.
Division(/) Divides left-hand operand by right-hand operand.
Increment(++) Increases the value of operand by 1.
Decrement(--) Decreases the value of operand by 1.
Modulus(%) Divides left-hand operand by right-hand operand and returns remainder.

Conditional Operator or Ternary Operator

Ternary Operator deal with three operands.It is also called conditional assignment statement because the value assigned to a variable depends upon a logical expression.

Example

a=5,b=3;

max=(a>b)?a:b;

Here,the value 5 is stored in max as a>b is true

// Program using ternary operator

public class TernaryOperator {
	public static void main(String args[]){
		int num1 , num2;
		num1 = 10;
		num2 = (num1 == 1) ? 20: 30;
		System.out.println( "Value of num2 is : " +  num2 );
		num2 = (num1 == 10) ? 20: 30;
		System.out.println( "Value of num2 is : " + num2 );
	}
}

Output

Value of num2 is : 30
Value of num2 is : 20

Relational Operator

These operator are used to show the relationship among the operands.Relational Operators compare the values of the variable and result in terms of 'True' or 'False'(i.e 0 or 1).

Operator Description Format Result if a=10,b=6;
< Less than a<b false
> Greater than a>b true
<= Less than or equal to a<=b false
>= Greater than or equal to a>=b true
== Equal to  a==b false
!= Not equal to a!=b true

Logical Operator

Java uses logical operators AND(&&),OR(||) or NOT(!).These operators yield 1 or 0 depending upon the outcome of different expressions.

Operator Symbol Format
AND && (a>b)&&(a>c)
OR || (a==b)||(a==c)
NOT ! !(a==b)

 

Bitwise Operator

In java programming,you can use some special types of operators,which perform operations on bit level of the operands.These operators use byte,short int and long type operands.

Operator Description
| Bitwise OR
Bitwise AND
~ Bitwise Complement
^ Bitwise XOR
<< Left Shift
>> RIght Shift
>>> Unsigned Right Shift

Example

 

// Program to perform bitwise operation

public class bitwiseoperation{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a,b;
a=12;b=10;
int n = 35,m;
m=~n;
System.out.println("complement is ="+m);
System.out.println("(a&b)="+(a&b));
System.out.println("(a|b)="+(a|b));
System.out.println("(a^b)="+(a^b));
System.out.println("(a<<b)="+(a<<b));
System.out.println("(12>>2)="+(12>>2));
System.out.println("(14>>>2)="+(14>>>2));
}
}

Output

complement is =-36
(a&b)=8
(a|b)=14
(a^b)=6
(a<<b)=48
(a>>b)=3
(a>>>b)=3

Assignment Operator

Assignment operators are used in Java to assign values to variables.

Operator Description Example
= Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand. a=b+c,a will assign addition of a and b
+=  It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand. a+=b is equal to a=a+b
-=  It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand. a-=b equal to a=a-b
*= It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand. a*=b, equal to a=a*b
/=  It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand. a/=b,a/ is equal to a=a/b
%= It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand. a%= b is equal to a =a %b
<<= Left shift AND assignment operator. a <<= 2 is same as a = a<< 2
>>= Right shift AND assignment operator. a >>= 2 is same as a = a >> 2
&= Bitwise AND assignment operator. a &= 2 is same as a = a & 2
^= Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator. a ^= 2 is same as a=a ^ 2
|= Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator.
a |= 2 is same as a = a | 2